Animation

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Jan Švankmajer

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Jan Švankmajer is a filmmaker and artist recognised for his surreal animations, he was born on the 4 th of September 1934 in Prague, Czechoslovakia. He has inspired many of today’s stop-motion animators, including Tim Burton and The Brother Quay. Jan is known for his dark reimagining of well-known fairy tales and for his avant-garde usage of three-dimensional stop-motion coupled with live-action animation. Several critics hailed him for favouring visual elements over plot and narrative, other for his use of dark fantasy.  He has achieved his reputation over the years for his creepy and surreal films, utilizing distinctive stop-motion technique, counting (Pixilation and Claymation). Jan still remains to produce stop-motion films today. Jan tends to project a moral within his stop-motion animations, the animation per say usually makes no sense, however, when watching it closely it emits a deeper meaning in it, and that is the purpose of surrealism. Jan’s stop-motion fi...
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William Georger Horner - Zoetrope

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William George Horner William George Horner  (9 June 1786 – 22 September 1837) was a  British   mathematician ; he was a schoolmaster, headmaster and school-keeper, proficient in classics as well as mathematics, who wrote extensively on functional equations, number theory and approximation theory, but also on optics. His contribution to approximation theory is honoured in the designation  Horner's method , in particular respect of a paper in  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London  for 1819. The modern invention of the Z oetrope , under the name  Daedaleum ( meaning Wheel of the devil)  in 1834, has been attributed to him. The eldest son of the Rev. William Horner, a Wesleyan minister, was born in Bristol. He was educated at Kingswood School, a Wesleyan foundation near Bristol, and at the age of sixteen became an assistant master there. In four years he rose to be headmaster (1806), but left in...
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Charles Emile Reynaud - Praxinoscope

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Charles Emile Reynaud  Charles-Émile Reynaud  (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French inventor, responsible for the  praxinoscope  (an animation device patented in 1877 that improved on the  zoetrope ) and the first projected animated  films . His  Pantomimes Lumineuses  premiered on 28 October 1892 in Paris. His  Théâtre Optique  film system, patented in 1888, is also notable as the first known instance of  film perforations  being used. The performances predated  Auguste and Louis Lumière 's first paid public screening of the  cinematographe  on 26 December 1895, often seen as the birth of cinema. Charles-Émile Reynaud was born on 8 December 1844 in Montreuil-sous-Bois (now a suburb of Paris). His father Benoît-Claude-Brutus Reynaud was an engineer and medal engraver originally from  Le Puy-en-Velay  and his mother Marie-Caroline Bellanger had been a school teacher, but stayed at ho...
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